Nursing Foundation syllabus
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Nursing Foundation syllabus
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B.Sc
Nursing 1st year syllabus pdf
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1. Introduction |
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Concept of Health: Health-Illness continuum
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| Factors influencing health |
| Causes and risk factors for developing illness |
| Body defense’s: Immunity and immunization |
| Illness and illness Behavior |
| Impact of illness on patient and family |
| Health Care Services: Health Promotion and Prevention, Primary Care, Diagnosis, Treatment, Rehabilitation and Continuing Care |
| Health Care teams |
| Types of health care agencies |
| Hospitals: Types, Organization and Functions |
| Health Promotion and levels of Disease Prevention |
| Primary Health care and it’s delivery: role of the nurse |
2. Nursing as a Profession |
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Definition and Characteristics of a nursing profession
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| Definition, Concepts, Philosophy, Objectives |
| Characteristics, nature and scope of nursing practice |
| Functions of nurse |
| Qualities of a nurse |
| Categories of nursing personnel |
| Categories of nursing personnel |
| Nursing as a profession |
| History of Nursing in India |
| Values: Definition, Types |
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| Ethics |
| Definition and Ethical principles |
| Code of ethics and professional conduct for nurses |
3. Hospital admission and discharge |
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Admission to the hospital
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| Unit and its preparation admission bed |
| Admission procedure |
| Special considerations |
| Medico-legal issues |
| Roles and Responsibilities of the nurse |
| Discharge from the hospital |
| Types: Planned to discharge LAMA and abscond, Referrals and transfer |
| Discharge Planning |
| Discharge procedure |
| Special considerations |
| Medico-legal issues |
| Role and Responsibilities of the nurse |
| Care of the unit after discharge |
4. Communication and Nurse patient relationship |
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Communication: Levels, Elements, Types, Modes, Process, Factors influencing Communication
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| Methods of Effective Communication, – Attending skills – Rapport building skills – Empathy skills |
| Barriers to effective communication |
| Helping Relationship (NPR): Dimensions of Helping Relationship, Phases of a helping relationship |
| Communicating effectively with patients, families and team members and maintain effective human relations with special reference to communicating with a vulnerable group (children, women, physically and mentally challenged and elderly) |
| Patient Teaching: Importance, Purposes, Process, the role of a nurse and integrating teaching in nursing process. |
5.
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Critical thinking and Nursing Judgment
– Critical Thinking: Thinking and Learning, – Competency, Attitudes for Critical Thinking, Levels of critical thinking in Nursing |
| Nursing Process Overview: Application in Practice – Nursing Process format: INC, the current format |
| Assessment – Collection of Data: Types, Sources, Methods – Formulating nursing judgment: Data Interpretation |
| Nursing diagnosis – Identification of client problems – Nursing diagnosis statement – Difference between medical and nursing diagnosis |
| Planning – Establishing Priorities – Establishing Goals and Expected Outcomes, – Selection of intervention: Protocols and standing orders – Writing the nursing care plan |
| Implementation – Implementing the plan of care |
| Evaluation – Outcome of care – Review and Modification |
| Documentation and Reporting |
6.
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Documentation: Purpose of Recording and reporting
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| Communication within the Health Care Team |
| Types of records; ward records medical/nursing records |
| Common record-keeping forms, Computerized documentation |
| Guidelines for Reporting: Factual Basis, Accuracy, Completeness Currentness, Organization, confidentiality |
| Methods, confidentiality |
| Methods of Recording |
| Reporting: Transfer reports, Incident reports |
| Minimizing legal Liability through effective record keeping |
7. Vital signs |
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Guidelines for taking vital signs
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| Body temperature |
| Physiology, Regulation, Factors affecting body temperature |
| Assessment of body temperature: sites, equipment and technique, special considerations |
| Temperature alterations: Hyperthermia, Heatstroke, Hypothermia |
| Hot and cold applications |
| Pulse |
| Physiology and Regulation, Characteristics of the pulse, Factors affecting pulse |
| Assessment of pulse: sites, location, equipment and technique, special considerations |
| Alterations in Pulse |
| Respiration |
| Physiology and Regulations, mechanics of Breathing Characteristics of the respiration, Factors affecting respiration |
| Assessment of respirations: technique, special considerations |
| Alterations in respiration |
| Blood pressure |
| Physiology and Regulation, Characteristics of the blood pressure, Factors affecting blood pressure |
| Assessment of blood pressure: sites, equipment and technique, special considerations |
| Alterations in blood pressure |
| Recording of vital signs |
8. Health Assessment |
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Purposes
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| Process Health assessment |
| Health history |
| Physical examination: |
| – Methods-Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation, Olfaction |
| – Preparation for examination: patient and unit |
| – General assessment |
| – Assessment of each body system |
| – Recording of health assessment |
9.
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Types: Disposables and reusable – Lines, rubber goods, glassware, metal, plastics, furniture, machinery
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| Introduction : |
| Indent |
| Maintenance |
| Inventory |
10.
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Basic needs (Activities of daily living)
* Providing a safe and clean environment: – Physical – environment: Temperature, Humidity, Noise, Ventilation, light, Odour, pests control – Reduction of Physical hazards: fire, accidents – Safety devices’ Restraints, side rails, airways, trapeze etc – Role of nurse in providing a safe and clean environment |
| Hygiene : – Factors Influencing Hygienic Practice – Hygienic Care: Care of the Skin-Bath and Pressure points, feet and nail, Oral cavity, Hair Care, Eyes, Ears, and Nose * Assessment, Principles, Types, Equipment, procedure, Special considerations |
| Patient environment: Room Equipment and linen, making patient beds -Types of beds and bed making |
| Comfort:- – Factors Influencing Comfort – Comfort devices |
| Physiological needs: Sleep and Rest: – Physiology of sleep – Factors affecting sleep – Promoting Rest and sleep – Sleep Disorders |
| Nutrition : – Importance – Factors affecting nutritional needs – Assessment of nutritional needs: Principles, equipment, procedure and special considerations o Oral o Enteral: Naso/Orogastric, gastrostomy |
| Urinary Elimination – Review of Physiology of Urinary Elimination, Composition and characteristics of urine – Factors Influencing urination – Alteration in Urinary Elimination – Types and Collection of urine specimen: – Observation, urine testing – Facilitating urine elimination: assessment, types, equipment, procedures and special considerations o Providing urinal/bedpan o Condom drainage o Perineal care o Catheterization o Care of urinary drainage o Care of urinary diversions o Bladder irrigation |
| Bowel Elimination – Review of Physiology of Bowel Elimination, Composition and Characteristics of faeces – Factors affecting Bowel elimination – Alteration in Bowel elimination – Types and collection of a specimen of faeces: Observation – Facilitating bowel elimination: assessment, equipment, procedure and special considerations o Passing of Flatus tube o Enemas o Suppository o Sitz bath o Bowel wash o Care of Ostomies |
| Mobility and Immobility – Principles of Body Mechanics – Maintenance of normal body Alignment and mobility – Factors affecting body Alignment and mobility – Hazard associated with immobility – Alteration in body Alignment and mobility – Nursing interventions for impaired Body Alignment and Mobility: assessment, types, devices used, method and special considerations, rehabilitation aspects o Range of motion exercises o Maintaining body alignment: Positions o Moving o Lifting o Transferring o Walking o Restraints |
| Oxygenation – Review of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Physiology – Factors Affecting Oxygenation – Alterations in oxygenation: assessment, types, equipment used, procedure and special considerations – Maintenance of patent airway – Oxygen administration – Suction – Inhalations: dry and moist – Chest physiotherapy and postural drainage – Care of chest drainage – Pulse oximetry – CPR – Basic life support – Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid – Base Balances |
| 1 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid, Base Balances – Review of Physiological Regulation of Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid – Base Balances – Factors Affecting Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balances – Alterations in Fluid, Electrolyte – Base Balances – Nursing interventions in Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid – Base Imbalances: assessment, types, equipment, procedure and special considerations o Measuring fluid intake and output o Correcting fluid, Electrolyte Imbalance: – Replacement of Fluids: Oral and Parenteral- Venipuncture, regulating IV flow rates, changing IV solutions and tubing Changing IV dressing, – Administering Blood transfusion – Restriction of fluids |
| Psychosocial Needs 1 Concepts of Cultural Diversity, stress and Adaptation, Self-concept, Sexuality, Spiritual Health, coping with loss, death and grieving 1 Assessment of psychosocial needs 1 Nursing interventions for psychosocial needs – Assist with copying an adaptation – Creating a therapeutic environment 1 Recreational and diversional therapies |
11.
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Infection Control
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| Concept of asepsis: medical asepsis, and surgical asepsis |
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Isolation precaution (Barrier nursing):
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Biomedical waste management:
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12. Administration of Medications |
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General Principles/Considerations
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| Oral Drugs Administration: Oral, Sublingual and Buccal: Equipment, procedure |
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Parenteral
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Topical Administration: Purposes, site, equipment, procedure, special considerations for
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13. Meeting needs of Preoperative patients |
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Definitions and concept of preoperative Nursing
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Preoperative Phase
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Intraoperative
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| Wounds: types, Classification, wound Healing Process, Factors affecting Wound, Complications of Wound Healing |
| Surgical asepsis |
| Care of the wound: types, equipment, procedure and special considerations Dressings, Suture Care, Care of Drainage Application of Bandages, Binders, Splints & Slings Heat and cold Therapy |
14. Meeting the special needs of the patient |
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Care of patients having an alteration in –
– Temperature (hyper and hypothermia); Types, Assessment, Management |
| Sensorium (Unconsciousness); Assessment, Management |
| Urinary Elimination (retention and incontinence); Assessment, management |
| The functioning of sensory organs; (Visual & hearing impairment) |
| Assessment of Self-Care ability |
| Communication methods and special considerations |
| Mobility (physically challenged, cast), assessment of Self-Care ability: Communication methods and special considerations – Mental state (mentally challenged), assessment of Self-Care ability; – Communication methods and special considerations: – Respiration (distress); Types, Assessment, management – Comfort – (Pain)-Nature, Types, factors influencing Pain, Coping, |
| Assessment, Management; – Treatment-related to the gastrointestinal system: nasogastric suction, gastric irrigation, gastric analysis |
15. Care of the Terminally ill patient |
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Concepts of Loss, Grief, grieving Process
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| Signs of clinical death |
| Care of dying patient: special considerations |
| Advance directives: euthanasia, will, dying declaration, organ donation etc |
| Medico-legal issues |
| Care of dead body: equipment, procedure and care of the unit |
| Autopsy |
| Embalming |
16. Professional Nursing concepts and practices |
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Conceptual and theoretical models of nursing practice: Introduction to models holistic model, health belief model, health promotion model etc.
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| Introduction to theories in Nursing; Peplau’s, Henderson’s Orem’s, Neuman’s, Roger’s and Roy’s |
| Linking theories with the nursing process |
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